Voice Loud or Quiet for women? Conditions. Several Fataawa

Do women say "Ameen" quietly in salaah at home with their husbands and in the masjid? What about with other women?.

Praise be to Allaah.
Firstly:

Saying “Ameen” is Sunnah for every worshipper when he finishes reciting al-Faatihah.

Al-Nawawi (may Allaah have mercy on him) said in al-Majmoo’, 3/371:

Saying “Ameen” is Sunnah for every worshipper after al-Faatihah, whether he is leading the prayer or is following an imam, or praying alone, for men, women and children, whether they are praying standing up, sitting down or lying down (i.e., if they have an excuse), whether they are praying an obligatory prayer or a naafil prayer, whether the prayer is one in which Qur’aan is recited silently or out loud. There is no difference of opinion concerning this among any of our companions.

Secondly:

Women are not permitted to raise their voices when they are present with men who are not their mahrams. Hence the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) forbade women to say “Subhaan-Allaah” during prayer if they want to alert the imam to something; rather they should alert him by clapping.

It was narrated from Sahl ibn Sa’d al-Saa’idi that the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) went to Bani ‘Amr ibn ‘Awf to reconcile between them. (In the meantime) the time for prayer came, and the muezzin came to Abu Bakr and said, “Will you lead the people in prayer, and should I say the iqaamah?” He said, “Yes.” So Abu Bakr started to lead the prayer. Then the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) came when the people were still praying, and he passed through the rows until he stood in the first row. The people clapped but Abu Bakr used not to glance sideways whilst he was praying. When the people’s clapping continued, he turned and saw the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him). The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) gestured to him to stay where he was, so Abu Bakr (may Allaah be pleased with him) raised his hands and praised Allaah for what the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) had told him to do. Then Abu Bakr stepped back until he was level with the row and the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) came forward and led the rest of the prayer. When he finished he said, “O Abu Bakr, what kept you from staying put when I told you to?” Abu Bakr said, “It was not right for the son of Abu Quhaafah [referring to himself] to lead the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) in prayer.” The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said, “ Why did you clap so much? If something happens to anyone during his prayer, let him say Subhaan Allaah, for if he says Subhaan Allaah, people will take notice. Clapping is only for women.”

(Narrated by al-Bukhaari, 652; Muslim, 421)

Ibn Hajar said:

He did not let women say Subhaan Allaah because they are commanded to lower their voices in prayer in all circumstances, because of the fear that their voices may cause fitnah (temptation). He forbade men to clap because this is something for women.

Fath al-Baari, 3/77

This prohibition applies if there are non-mahram men present. But if she is with a group of women or with men who are her mahrams, there is nothing wrong with her reciting and saying “Ameen” out loud.

Ibn Qudaamah (may Allaah have mercy on him) said in al-Mughni (3/38):

A woman may recite out loud in prayers where Qur’aan is recited out loud, but if there are men present, she should not recite out loud, unless they are her mahrams, in which case she may do that.

Al-Nawawi said in al-Majmoo’ (3/390):

With regard to women, most of our companions said that if she is praying on her own, or in the presence of other women or men who are her mahrams, she may recite out loud, whether she is leading other women in prayer or praying alone. But if she is praying in the presence of non-mahram men she should recite silently… This is our opinion… al-Qaadi Abu al-Tayyib said: The ruling on saying Allaahu akbar in prayers where Qur’aan is recited out loud and prayers where it is recited silently is the same as the ruling on reciting Qur’aan.

The ruling on saying Ameen in prayers where Qur’aan is recited out loud and prayers where it is recited silently is the same as the ruling on reciting Qur’aan.

Ibn Qudaamah (may Allaah have mercy on him) said in al-Mughni (2/162):

It is Sunnah for the imam and the members of the congregation to say it (Ameen) out loud when Qur’aan is recited out loud, and to say it silently in prayers where Qur’aan is recited silently.

Al-Nawawi said in al-Majmoo’, 3/371:

If the prayer is one in which Qur’aan is recited silently, then the imam and others should say Ameen silently, following the manner of recitation. If it is a prayer in which Qur’aan is recited out loud, it is mustahabb for the members of the congregation to say Ameen out loud. There is no difference of opinion on this point.

In conclusion:

It is permissible for a woman to recite Qur’aan and say Ameen out loud in prayer, unless she is praying in the presence of a non-mahram man, in which case she should say it silently.

And Allaah knows best.



Islam Q&A

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Muslim women giving talks in gatherings where non-mahram men are present
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is it allowed for a brother to organise i talk and the speaker is a sister. the issue is on women in islam but the sister is talking to every on (brothers and sister)i thought it's not but the organisors say it is allowed but they ask for evidence is there any on this issue

Praise be to Allaah.

We put this question to Shaykh ‘Abd-Allaah ibn Jibreen (may Allaah preserve him) who answered as follows:

In our opinion this is not permissible except in cases of necessity, and on the condition that the men cannot see her. There should be a screen between her and them, and she should not soften her voice too much, because her voice may be ‘awrah. Women are not allowed to say Tasbeeh out loud in the prayer – if the imaam makes a mistake – instead they are commanded to clap [to draw the imaam’s attention to a mistake], lest their voices be recognized.


Shaykh ‘Abd-Allaah ibn Jibreen
At this point we would ask the brothers who are organizing these lectures: what need is there for a woman to give a lecture in front of a group of people which includes men? We hope that the answer will not be because they want to prove that Islam does not oppress women or to prove that they are open-minded and enlightened! Or any other weird and mistaken reasons that can never be used to justify opening the doors to fitnah (temptation) which Islam seeks to shut firmly. We constantly repeat our advice: organize your activities within the framework of sharee’ah. And Allaah is the Guide to the Straight Path. And Allaah knows best.

Islam Q&A
Sheikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid

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If he prays the naafil prayer of Fajr and Maghrib with his wife, can he recite out loud?
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Is it permissible that I recite out loud while praying the Sunnah of fajr or Maghrib leading my wife, or not?.

Praise be to Allaah.
The scholars (may Allaah have mercy on them) said that what is prescribed is for the worshipper to recite quietly in naafil prayers during the day, and he has the choice between reciting out loud or quietly during the night, because both are proven from the Messenger (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), but reciting out loud is better.

It was narrated from Abu Qataadah (May Allaah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) went out at night, and he saw Abu Bakr (may Allaah be pleased with him) praying in a low voice, then he passed by ‘Umar ibn al-Khattaab (may Allaah be pleased with him) who was praying in a loud voice. When they met with the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “I passed by you, O Abu Bakr, and you were praying in a low voice.” He said: I made the One with Whom I was conversing hear me, O Messenger of Allaah. And he said to ‘Umar: “I passed by you and you were praying in a loud voice.” He said: O Messenger of Allaah, I wake up the sleeper and drive away the shaytaan. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “O Abu Bakr, raise your voice a little.” And he said to ‘Umar: “Lower your voice a little.” Narrated by Abu Dawood and classed as saheeh by al-Nawawi in al-Majmoo’.

It was narrated that Abu Hurayrah (may Allaah be pleased with him) said: The recitation of the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) at night was sometimes low and sometimes out loud. Narrated by Abu Dawood and classed as hasan by al-Nawawi in al-Majmoo’.

Al-Kasaani said in Badaa’i’ al-Sanaa’i (1/161):

With regard to voluntary prayers, if they are during the day then they should be recited in a low voice, and if they are at night then he has the choice; if he wishes he may recite them quietly and if he wishes he may recite them out loud, but reciting out loud is better because naafil prayers follow obligatory prayers and the ruling on obligatory prayers is like that. End quote.

It says in al-Mawsoo’ah al-Fiqhiyyah (25/281):

What is mustahabb and makrooh in Sunnah and naafil prayers:

It is mustahabb to recite quietly if the naafil prayer is offered by day, following the ruling on the daytime prayers. He has the choice between reciting out loud or quietly in the night prayers, if he is praying alone, but reciting out loud is better, provided that it does not disturb others. But if he is leading others in the naafil or Witr prayer, then the imam should recite out loud so that those who are praying behind him can hear him. But the one who is praying alone should be moderate in reciting out loud. End quote.

It says in Kashshaaf al-Qinaa’ (1/441): It is makrooh for anyone who is praying to recite out during the day in naafil prayers, apart from the eclipse prayer (kusoof) and prayers for rain (istisqaa’). When praying naafil prayers at night, he should see which is better. If there are people in his presence or nearby who will be disturbed by his reciting out loud, then he should recite quietly, but if they will benefit from his recitation, then he may recite out loud.

Al-Muhibb ibn Nasr-Allaah al-Kataani said: It seems that “day” here means from sunrise, not from dawn, and night means from sunset to sunrise. End quote.

The view of Imam al-Shaafa’i (may Allaah have mercy on him) is that he should recite quietly in all the regular Sunnah prayers, whether by night or by day.

Al-Nawawi (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: With regard to Eid prayer, prayers for rain, Taraweeh and prayers during a lunar eclipse, the Sunnah is to recite out loud, with no scholarly difference of opinion.

With regard to daytime naafil prayers, the Sunnah is to recite quietly, with no scholarly difference of opinion.

With regard to naafil prayers at night, apart from Taraweeh, the author of al-Tatammah said: He should recite out loud. Al-Qaadi Husayn and the author of al-Tahdheeb said: He should recite in a moderate tone, somewhere in between reciting out loud and reciting quietly.

With regard to the regular Sunnah prayers that are offered with the obligatory prayers, he should recite quietly in all of them, according to the consensus of our companions. End quote.

It seems, and Allaah knows best, that the one who offers a naafil prayer at night has the choice between reciting out loud and reciting silently.

Based on that, there is nothing wrong with you offering the regular Sunnah prayers of Fajr, Maghrib and ‘Isha’ silently or out loud.

It should be noted that offering the regular Sunnah prayers in congregation is not part of the Sunnah, but there is nothing wrong with offering them in congregation sometimes. This has been discussed in the answer to question no. 38606.

And Allaah knows best.


Islam Q&A

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What is the reason why Qur’aan is recited out loud in some prayers and silently in others?

Is there a specific reason why Qur’aan is recited silently in Zuhr and ‘Asr prayers and out loud in all the other obligatory prayers?.

Praise be to Allaah.
Firstly:

Reciting out loud in the prayers in which the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) recited out loud, and silently in the prayers in which he recited silently, is one of the Sunnahs of prayer, not one of the obligatory duties. But it is better for the worshipper not to go against the Sunnah of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him).

Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:

Reciting out loud in the prayers where this is done is not obligatory, rather it is what is better. If a person recites silently in a prayer in which it is prescribed to recite out loud, his prayer is not invalid, because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “There is no prayer for one who does not recite the Essence of the Book (al-Faatihah).” He did not specify whether this recitation is to be out loud or silent. So if a person recites what he is required to recite, silently or out loud, then he has fulfilled his duty. But it is better to recite out loud in the prayers where doing so is customary, as in Fajr and Jumu’ah prayers.

If a person deliberately does not recite out loud when he is leading the prayer, his prayer is valid but it is lacking.

If a person is praying alone, he has the choice between reciting out loud or silently. He should look at what is more likely to increase his focus and humility in prayer, and do that.

End quote.

Majmoo’ Fataawa Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, 13/73

Secondly:

The basic principle is that a Muslim is obliged to adhere to the laws of Allaah, without making that dependent on whether he knows the reason or wisdom behind it. That does not mean that he should not try to find out the wisdom behind it, after following the command and adhering to the guidance.

See question no. 20785 and 26862.

Thirdly:

The scholars of the Standing Committee were asked:

Why do we pray Zuhr and ‘Asr silently and Maghrib and ‘Isha’ out loud?

They replied:

We do that following the example of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him). We recite silently in the prayers in which he recited silently, and we recite out loud in the prayers in which he recited out loud, because Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):

“Indeed in the Messenger of Allaah (Muhammad) you have a good example to follow”

[al-Ahzaab 33:21]

And the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Pray as you have seen me praying.” Narrated by al-Bukhaari in his Saheeh.

Fataawa al-Lajnah al-Daa’imah, 6/394, 395

Shaykh ‘Abd al-‘Azeez ibn Baaz was asked:

Why is it prescribed to recite out loud in Maghrib, ‘Isha’ and Fajr, and not in the other obligatory prayers? What is the evidence for that?

He replied:

Allaah knows best the reason why it is prescribed to recite out loud in those prayers. The most likely reason – and Allaah knows best – is that at night and at the time of Fajr prayer, people are more likely to benefit from recitation that is done out loud, as there are less distractions around them than at the time of Zuhr and ‘Asr. End quote.

Majmoo’ Fataawa al-Shaykh Ibn Baaz (11/122)

Shaykh Muhammad ibn Saalih al-‘Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on him) was asked:

What is the reason for reciting out loud in Jumu’ah prayer?

He replied:

The reason why it is recited out loud is – and Allaah knows best – firstly so as to unite the people behind one imam, because if they are united behind one imam and listening attentively to him, that is a better form of unity than if each one of them were to recite to himself. In order to achieve this the people must all be gathered in one place, except in cases of necessity.

The second reason is that the imam’s recitation out loud during the prayer is a completion of the two khutbahs. Hence the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) used to recite in Jumu’ah prayer soorahs that were appropriate, either al-Jumu’ah and al-Munaafiqeen, because the former mentions Jumu’ah and encourages us to attend the prayer, and the latter describes hypocrisy and denounces its people; or he would recite al-A’la and al-Ghaashiyah, because the former mentions the beginning of creation and describes various creatures and the beginning of divine laws, and the latter describes the Resurrection and rewards and punishments.

The third reason is so as to distinguish between Zuhr and Jumu’ah.

The fourth reason is so that it will be similar to Eid prayer, because Jumu’ah is the weekly “Eid”. End quote.

Majmoo’ Fataawa Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, 16/112

See also the answer to question no. 65877.

And Allaah knows best.

Islam Q&A

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Woman speaking aloud in prayer in the presence of her mahrams

Is it permissible for a woman to say Ameen out loud if she is praying and the men around her are her mahrams?

Praise be to Allaah.
It is permissible for a woman to say Ameen out loud, if she is in the presence of her mahrams and there are no “strangers” (non-mahram men) present, because a woman is forbidden to raise her voice in the presence of non-mahram men for fear of fitnah (temptation). But in the presence of her mahrams she is not forbidden to do so.

Shaykh al-Fawzaan (may Allaah preserve him) was asked about a woman speaking aloud during prayer, and he said:

It is mustahabb for her to recite out loud in prayer, whether it is fard (obligatory) of naafil (supererogatory) (i.e., the prayers in which Qur’aan is to be recited out loud), so long as no non-mahram man can hear her, lest he be tempted by her voice. But if she is in a place where no non-mahram man can hear her, then in prayers offered at night she should recite out loud, but if that will disturb others then she should not recite out loud. But in the case of the prayers that are offered during the day, she should recite silently, because the prayers during the day are to be recited silently. So it is not mustahabb to recite out loud in the prayers that are offered during the day, because that goes against the Sunnah. And Allaah knows best.

Islam Q&A
Sheikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid
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